It's complicated in the United states, federal law (FCRA and employment law) and state law are both involved.

Since this teenager is in New York, this arrest record (which will not be publicly available forever, and could be sealed immediately by court order) should not be a factor in their future interviewing in that state.

https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/new-york-law-employe...

Employers may not ask about or consider arrests or charges that did not result in conviction, unless they are currently pending, when making hiring decisions. They also may not ask about or consider records that have been sealed or youthful offender adjudications.

Generally speaking if you answer "no" on an employment form and then get denied for having been arrested even though no charges ever stuck and that is specifically the reason for denial (most employers aren't this stupid though) then there is a settlement check in your future.