Yes "fossils" somewhere in the headline might clarify that.

I was expected a secret tribe of Neanderthals to have turned up.

That would be some news, indeed.

Definitely, I'm not normally one to criticize headlines but this one is missing some pretty important context.

Obviously the intended effect, but you could tell it's not the case by the fact it's not the top story here.

I thought the same thing.

Come on, guys, we've seen this kind of headline before about hominid species as well as other types of extinct animals. It may be a bit poorly worded but, if something like that really did happen, you wouldn't hear about it first on Hacker News.