At EPFL we're trying a model with the Extension School that is somewhere between 2 and 3. We don't quite do flying cars (yet) but we're developing more and more advanced material - and the big plus being that learners in the programs get a diploma (e.g. https://exts.epfl.ch/courses-programs/applied-data-science-m...).

I do think that universities should invest more heavily in this mix, obviously without losing their strong standing in 1.