That's actually not a best practice; on the contrary it's extremely uncommon. Not because it's bad, but because it just doesn't actually add a meaningful security improvement. On the other hand, it does add non-negligible complexity to your authentication system. In particular, it would have done absolutely nothing to prevent this specific vulnerability.

If you hash your users' passwords using a key-derivation algorithm on the client-side, each user's password simply becomes the original password's digest. From the server's perspective nothing has changed. Moreover the server will need to re-hash the password digest sent over the wire, because if the server is compromised the password digests can be directly replayed to the server to compromise corresponding accounts.

Additionally, since the shared secret between the client and server is the user's password digest, the password needs to be hashed using the same salt every time the user authenticates. So each user's password digest is still a de facto unique password which will be sent over the wire anyway. This scheme basically retrofits the server's job onto the client with added complexity. It's like the (slightly) faster horses version of password authentication, when we could really be experimenting with developing cars (like two/multi-factor authentication, more robust server-side controls and provable correctness).

That's not to say the scheme has no benefits whatsoever. It does mean that user passwords will be more complex, because the actual token stored by the server (the de facto password) is a digest. But there are two drawbacks - with enough users you'll still see many duplicated digests in your password database, even if you randomly generate salts on the client side. More importantly, you're offloading hashing to the client side in JavaScript. JavaScript can be very fast in 2019, but companies like Facebook and Google still maintain very low latency, substantially stripped-down versions of their websites[1] because client-side hashing isn't going to be nearly as fast as server-side hashing for a huge number of people. There's also a sizable population of people who don't even have JavaScript enabled, or who might have incompatible browsers.

tl;dr - Client-side hashing is not a best practice (and not widely deployed) because it comes with a nontrivial complexity increase, lower client compatibility and negligible security benefits. It also would not have prevented this vulnerability.

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1. For example, mbasic.facebook.com.