Conflicting inputs are handled by averaging and an audible "DUAL INPUT" cockpit warning. In the case of AF447, the co-pilot used his "Priority Takeover" button which meant only his control inputs were in effect.
You can see more here: https://safetyfirst.airbus.com/app/themes/mh_newsdesk/docume...
https://www.bea.aero/docspa/2009/f-cp090601.en/pdf/f-cp09060...