Some people just also really find these fun to think about.
A list of these lists might be useful.
I don't think many of these have a useful explanation that would stay within the useful scope of a list like this. Knowing the local implementation details of Argentina dialing requirements, and why the 9 needs to be dropped, most likely involves long-gone phone carries, organic implementations, and local politics.
Expecting guidelines for most all of these is not realistic since many are just "how it is". For most, the guideline is an obvious "don't do/expect this". If your list is mostly comprised of unexpected behavior, then "falsehoods x believe" is probably ok.
As for avoiding the problem, you can't always avoid reality; sometimes you have to accommodate its weirdness, especially when dealing with > 100 year old systems with massive interoperability problems.
I feel like this teaches a way of thinking.