Anti-jamming is a thing. As you note jamming satellite comms is certainly possible, but it paints a great big target on your back. And the US military has no problem using a million dollar missile to blow up a $500 jammer.
After working with the local detectives / police, it isn't "very" difficult to find where a jammer is. /I never got the chance to work directly with them on that issue though, but they said it's happened once before.
Anyway, it took them one call to Verizon and less than a day later they found who was jamming one area. Did the police thing, and no more jamming. They had the pull because no one could call 911 with a cell phone in that area, and when the squads were out, they'd lose reception around that area too. Both big no nos if you want to stay hidden.
I can imagine if it's a country with adequate resources, it would not be much of an issue.
https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-fines-florida-driver-48k-ja...