This article seems a bit over the top. It's pure speculation, and it seems much more likely that an engineer configured a router incorrectly, panicked for 15 minutes, then fixed it.
"What set this incident apart from other such mishaps was the fact that China Telecom could manage to absorb this large amount of data and send it back out again without anyone noticing a disruption in service."
We've got a technically inclined community here: When your Internet access is slow for a while, what do you attribute it to? I doubt anyone's first instinct is "must be a man-in-the-middle attack." Again, it seems much more likely that they simply had the capacity to handle most of that traffic (biggest country in the world, modernization, etc.) and no one noticed because the Internet is often flaky.