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Try powerQuery (Microsoft’s addon for just this) - it does it really well

As well as that you can roll your own functions which can be used in cells just like the native ones and call out to other languages and the shell. It really is rather powerful for minimal effort.

However, with great power comes great responsibility ...

Google Sheets has a QUERY function which does exactly this.

https://support.google.com/docs/answer/3093343?hl=en

This works for one offs. But performance is non-existent when you try to mock up google sheets as a database. I'm in the process of switching a company from google sheets + google sheets query to postgres. Loading one of their google sheets takes around 60 seconds. If they move around one of their 'id' columns it takes 5-10 minutes for everything to recalculate (also keep in mind that google offloads the computations onto the user's CPU...)

QueryStorm does this - https://www.querystorm.com/