Fivethirtyeight did a study in Minneapolis on bike lanes constructed earlier this decade and showed that bike lanes did increase congestion for 10 roads they looked at.
https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/bike-lanes-dont-cause-t...
Anecdotally, the mid sized city I lived in added a bike lane experimentally on my commute to work. The lanes going into the city decreased from 4 to 3 and immediately increased the amount of congestion. It also slowed my commute anywhere from 5 to 10 minutes based upon what time I left.
And the sad thing was, nobody used the new bike lane. I never saw a single rider use those lanes during my morning commute.