Diaspora and Mastodon are good alternatives (but are ironically not on this list). Both are federated solutions that let you set up your own instances, or use public ones.
Diaspora allows for quite easy interaction with the mainstream social media apps as well. Also I haven't used diaspora much so I can't speak from experience there, but creating a mastodon account is no more complicated than signing up for twitter.
Thanks for the recommendation and explanations though!