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I am researching julia's code.

https://github.com/JuliaPy/PyCall.jl/blob/master/src/PyCall....

I guess it is like this: Importing the pycall library is to turn on the python interpreter thread and not interrupt it. Then you can call any python library you want.

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The GIL is mostly managed by CPython and the host application doesn't touch it directly. Host extension modules may use PyEval_SaveThread et al. just like regular extension modules to release the GIL during blocking operations when called by CPython. There is a separate API for fondling the GIL when you're in a host-created thread (not created by CPython) and want to call CPython. Those are orthogonal (called by CPython vs. calling CPython).

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