Gantt charts typically have resource assignments and time estimates. Dependency graphs just say Bravo requires Alpha to be completed first (for example).
Gantt charts are a partial linearization of a dependency graph. People tend to fixate over the dates shown, allow schedule pressure to "correct" previous estimates, etc.
According to some early users of Gantt charts, they are a great tool for summarizing a plan, a terrible tool for developing and maintaining one.