I don't know exactly where you are coming from, politically (or religiously). But I believe that phenomena like narcissism constitute poorly understood pathologies of personality, and to be able to see them for what they are, clearly, is a kind of progress, whether it's science or not.
The Enlightenment wasn't the last word in intellectual progress. Neoliberal capitalism hasn't decreased inequality in the last 30 years—it has increased it.
I think you might be projecting a bit when you talk about "shielding oneself from uncomfortable ideas". If you think the Enlightenment/classical liberalism is the last word in "thought", maybe that's what you are doing, too.
A lot of PhD students apply Foucault (to take one example) in frivolous, non-constructive, self-absorbed ways. But Foucault wasn't some crazy guy, he was part of the establishment, trying to sharpen our understanding of the dynamics of power and intellectual life. A lot of his contemporary academic followers certainly don't identify with the progress of Western culture. They could be called "wreckers", but it's hard to say that with a straight face while Trump is in the White House.
I guess what I'm trying to say is that there will always be maladjusted kids, freaks, weirdos, and attention seekers. It might feel to you like they are taking over the show these days, because everyone seems to be frivolously labelling everyone else as toxic, like some retro high school clique drama of teenage girls gossiping on the landline.
But even if widely implemented, their exclusionary attitudes won't stick if they don't work in practice. The mass of "normative", i.e. "healthy" people tends to plough through in the long run, for better or worse.
Millennial culture contains a big dose of self-righteousness, but a lot of fashion and trendiness too. The judgemental side of it will surely blow over, if you want to see things that way. We can only hope that the heightened awareness of psychology will stick.