What's your source on this? Free speech is enshrined as a "fundamental freedom" in the Charter. There are reasonable limits as well, to ensure that things like hate speech are deemed illegal.
So chalk it up to Canada being used in the partisan ratings war that seems to dominate news nowadays.
His argument is that people should be judged as individuals, not by what group they randomly happen to be part of.
Peterson advocates for free speech and MLK's dream: "I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character."
Some misguided white men might think that they are "the most oppressed group", but they are just that: misguided.
So, IE, Blasphemous Libel is a thing in Canada.
[1] https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mike-ward-comedian-h...
[2] https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2018/04...
- the limitations clause: "The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees the rights and freedoms set out in it subject only to such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society."
- the notwithstanding clause: (too long to paste but here's Wikipeida's summary): "The Parliament of Canada, a provincial legislature or a territorial legislature may declare that one of its laws or part of a law applies temporarily ("notwithstanding") countermanding sections of the Charter, thereby nullifying any judicial review by overriding the Charter protections for a limited period of time"[2]
Basically, we have "freedom of speech", but it's not an absolute right, it's limited by "reasonable limits" (as decided by the courts). Further, even if the courts decide that some kind of provincial law violates the charter, the province can invoke the Notwithstanding Clause and continue enforcing the law. I'd argue that, in general, this all works out pretty well, but it's not really that strong of protection relative to the American Constitution.
[1] https://www.educaloi.qc.ca/en/capsules/language-laws-and-doi...
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_33_of_the_Canadian_Cha...