Coercion it used all the time. Castro would send his doctors abroad, getting them paid handsomely by aid agencies and he'd take the lion's share of their income, and he'd get away with it by holding the doctor's family de-facto ransom. The Chinese government is known to do this.

There's a missing item: 'Duty + Guilt'. Governments will use a softer form of this coercion whilst trying to imbue a sense of national duty (I guess a kind of 'ideology') upon individuals, guilting them into 'doing the right thing for their people'.

The Chinese government plays at least a small role on many Western campuses helping organize their expats, promoting their agenda etc.