The quote by the HHS doesn't go into the details of what they see are unnecessary hurdles for women. Did the reporter not try to dive in more?
> A 2016 Lancet study found that universal breast-feeding would prevent 800,000 child deaths a year across the globe and yield $300 billion in savings from reduced health care costs and improved economic outcomes for those reared on breast milk.
Well, yes, this is true, but context here would help. This isn't due to formula substitutes (i.e. Abbott laboratories isn't going around killing kids to make money), this is due to improper substitutions (e.g. giving children actual mashed food). See https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5866289/
> Scientists are loath to carry out double-blind studies that would provide one group with breast milk and another with breast milk substitutes. “This kind of ‘evidence-based’ research would be ethically and morally unacceptable,” Ms. Sterken said.
There absolutely is controlled research out there on the effects of breastfeeding. Here's some:
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/193490
(or for using pumped milk):
http://cochranelibrary-wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD0029...
A good overview:
https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/everybody-calm-down-abo...