How do those standards compare to aviation? Are there similar certifications that would allow to use a software implementation like this?
Yes, the certifications on the aviation side are DO-178C for Software and DO-254 for Airborne Electronic Hardware. Rather than SIL or ASIL (Automotive Safety Integrity Level), the aviation equivalent is DAL (Development Assurance Level). Of course, while they each use letters for levels of Integrity / Assurance, in aviation DAL A is the most stringent and in automotive ASIL-D is the most stringent.
https://www.rapitasystems.com/blog/what%E2%80%99s-difference...