Sure, but most mobile OSes don't support a full desktop experience well, and you're limited to bluetooth peripherals only. Unless you have a rare phone that comes with a docking station.
Some of the Chromebooks and such have no moving parts. I'm probably taking my Pinebook to the next conference I attend.
Can't you just use any USB-C Dockingstation?
This is due to the form factor, not the capability of the devices. A high end smart phone is more than capable of producing a good desktop experience.