For distractions, my office is on the basement level, separate from everything else in the house. There is a baby gate at the top of the stairs to prevent the kids from entering. My wife is very good about not interrupting unnecessarily. Guests may come over during my workday, but the most that I will do is say hi and then go back to work.

I built a standing desk out of a solid wood door and stainless steel pipe. It is at the perfect height for my wrists to rest correctly when typing. I mostly stand on a rubber mat, but I also have a bar stool I can rest on occasionally.

I have 3 external monitors (2 wqhd and 1 1080p) as well as my laptop screen. The externals are at the perfect height. The laptop screen is a little low, so I just use it for supplemental things that I don't have to look at for long.

I've used my phone maybe 4 times in the past year, so for that I just used my cell phone. I use WebEx, HipChat Video, and Google Hangouts to videoconference with my coworkers. I use a Kingston HyperX gaming headset, which works phenomenally well.

I follow the exact same routine every day. Drop the kids off at school. Start work at 9am. Pick kids up in the middle of the day, go back to work. Sign off by 5pm.

I use GTD, implemented using a Filofax organizer, with a custom set of inserts. For me, it is essential that my task management system be paper based. It's easy to reference, and unlike phone/computer based task systems, it doesn't set me up to be interrupted/distracted. I also use a kitchen timer and the pomodoro method when I need to be most productive.

At a minimum I go on an hour long hike with my kids every evening, but I also supplement that by going to CrossFit one or two times per week. When I am able to go for multiple short walks during the day and do some meditative prayer, that's when I'm most likely to be at peak productivity.