The big players aren't yanking anyone around. They take responsibility by announcing things like alpha periods, beta periods, release candidates, Long Term Stability branches, etc. And enterprise developers take advantage of these, ensuring that they only code production applications against stable/LTS libraries and APIs.
It's SMB/"indie" developers who should be taking the responsibility here, I think, for relying on these officially-unstable packages in their own production systems, and especially for encouraging others to rely on such. Yes, sometimes, it's the only way to be competitive/have a https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unique_selling_proposition. But that doesn't mean that it isn't their responsibility to cope with these changes. They're taking on that risk-of-change by using those unstable libraries or APIs.
Heck, this is half of the point of software Venture Capital: being able to underwrite the risk of relying on an unstable platform/ecosystem, so that you can have enough runway to recover and still finish your product if "the ground moves under you", and therefore can "safely" rely on these unstable technologies.
(And one not-oft-talked-about property of bootstrapped startups is that they have to underwrite that risk themselves. If a bootstrapped startup isn't just gambling with its founders' money, it has to behave more like an enterprise development shop, building on only stable foundations.)
Theoretically, you could move this underwriting role into the companies themselves, such that the companies themselves would monetarily cushion the blow of changes in their unstable APIs. But they'd need a pretty big interest in the involved consumers to do so. In such a world, you likely wouldn't have separate startup businesses using the BigCorps' unstable APIs; rather, you'd have a set of BigCorp incubators with large shares in most new startups. Maybe that hypothetical world would have higher https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_world_product than our own! But I bet there'd be fewer startups, because starting a startup would be a lot more like a regular BigCorp job.