Imagine you run a city where you tax businesses 1% of foo. For every dollar of foo tax you collect form a business, you actually collect another $0.50 in related taxes from company employees - buying lunch, staying in your hotels, etc. Let’s call that your bar tax.
A new company wants to move in that earns 3x as much foo as any other business in your town, but they are also looking at other towns that tax foo at 0.5% or even don’t tax foo at all. You can choose to tell them to go elsewhere, or you can give them an incentive - you’ll cut your foo tax to 0% for 10 years, knowing that you’ll be collecting more bar tax with the company there than you would with them not there.
At this point the calculation is simple - will having New Company in your city cost you more than you’ll be getting in bar tax? And if so, might it still be worth it in the long run to take those losses for 10 years until the foo tax kicks back in?
If not, don’t do it. The point is, this is not clear cut either way.