You can also buy clamp sensors that can be connected directly to a microcontroller (with an ADC - so not a Raspberry Pi without external hardware).
http://www.homautomation.org/2013/09/17/current-monitoring-w...
http://www.homautomation.org/2013/09/17/current-monitoring-w...
[0] http://www.analog.com/en/products/analog-to-digital-converte...
[0] https://www.amazon.com/Aeon-Labs-AEDSB09104ZWUS-Aeotec-Monit...