I'm inclined to dismiss it as confirmation bias, but I've had this experience personally - a conversation followed shortly by an extremely specific advertisement on FB shortly thereafter.
All that said, I still lean towards confirmation bias.
Given that, it's fairly probably that you will be shown ads about things that you are interested in, and it's fairly probably that you'll talk about these topics with friends. Given this and the number of people that use Facebook, it's probably not that unlikely that your experience happens simply by chance fairly frequently.