I've tried to use macOS with case sensitive filesystem for some time (before APFS). Works mostly fine but there're applications that break (Steam and Intellij IDEA are the two I remember).
Adobe apps are another known candidate for breakage on case-sensitive filesystems.
I've no problems with IntelliJ in recent versions. Steam remains broken, I have to run that from a separate volume.
there was a tremendous ATP episode about this exactly, maybe 6-9 months back. John's explanation of case sensitivity and file systems is a real gem, if anyone can remember the title