Spitballing here: What if you get the receipt with UUID and your choices, then at a separate kiosk only in the polling ststion you can enter your UUID to view the full results as posted online. Along with your UUID and results, a hash of the two is displayed and can be printed onto your receipt. Before leaving the station, you must detach and dispose of the plaintext voting choices, but you can hang onto the UUID + hash.
At any time in the future, you can enter your UUID into the site, which will compute and display only the hash, giving you verification of no tampering but not disclosing any results to nefarious third parties.