What if I have R&D expenses in a side business- can I use the credit to offset my main job's income tax?
You may use a loss from a side business in order to offset W-2 income. No need for complicated tax credit forms. Look into the IRS rules around hobbies as they may get suspicious if your "business" loses money for years on end.
Regarding business vs hobby criteria: https://www.irs.gov/uac/business-or-hobby-answer-has-implica...
> Beginning in 2017, qualified small businesses may claim up to $250,000 per fiscal year, applying it against their Social Security taxes.