There's a Windows 10 edition of the game, written in C++, a from-scratch rewrite of the original Java. There's Minecraft Pocket for Android/iOS. And there's Console Edition, which runs on XBox 360 and WiiU, and now Switch Edition.
They are aiming for feature parity between the various versions. The Pocket/10/Console versions are all intercompatible - you can log in on a server with one platform simultaneously playing with someone on another platform. I don't know how much code they share.
But the original Java edition is still where all the YouTubers, mod authors, wiki activity, and really the core user base is at. Pocket and console are more used by the younger and more casual users. Feature parity like world generation is possible, but it won't be possible to make various Redstone (programmable machine) contraptions, build aesthetics, and farms compatible.
It will be interesting to see how it plays out.