It's hard to prove what happened beyond a reasonable doubt when the crime is, pretty much by definition, performed in private, often with no witnesses, and when there are witnesses they're often subject to a tremendous conflict of interest.
Long prison sentences might help a few cases, but not most, because most won't be convicted in the first place.
It's important to help the victim directly, not just focus on removing the perpetrator, because the latter is likely never to happen.
Note also that because the situation is often so unclear to the police, sometimes both people involved to be arrested, or the victim is arrested and the perpetrator goes free. The latter is especially common when the victim is male.
So no, police arriving and arresting who they think is the attacker isn't necessarily desirable.