All of your examples are from more than thirty years ago.
In the mean time, half of South America had pretty leftist governments and nothing happened.
In the mean time, half of South America had pretty leftist governments and nothing happened.
I'm not sure I understand your second point.
Context matters. With the end of the cold war, the oligarchy doesn't get to use a threat to gather support. And a certain level of diversification of those economies have made the very powerful less power.
My second point is that half of South America had left wing government and there was no Coups. Things would have been very different for Lula or Correa in the 70's.
Coup attempt in Venezuala where Chavez was kidnapped and fly out of the country until the people came onto the streets. CIA implicated [1] [2]
Coup attempt in Ecuador a few years back Correa held [3]. Although am not aware of any covert involvement or evidence to imply. However, as is often the case with these Latin America issues, accusations are always laid at the US doorstop. But Correa did make the US leave their Manta based army base, did make anti US noise, did get close to Chavez and Ecuador is an oil producing country so it wouldn't be completely unreasonable to think so involvement based on past behaviour of the US..
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Venezuelan_coup_d%27%C3%A...
/wiki/The_Revolution_Will_Not_Be_Televised_(documentary) [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Ecuador_crisis
In Venezuela, it looks like slightly less than that was enough.
Leftists got better at "not being scary" to foreign and most importantly local interests. And for the most part, they delivered.
Basically the José Figueres Ferrer way.
Bolsa Familia surely lacks the romantism of the comprehensive agrarian reform but I like the fact that it has actually been done.
And it was for that reason the US left their governments unmolested?