Windows 10 "Basic" level telemetry: https://technet.microsoft.com/itpro/windows/configure/basic-...
macOS Sierra Privacy policy and analytics: https://www.apple.com/privacy/privacy-policy/ https://support.apple.com/kb/PH25654?locale=en_US&viewlocale...
That is all Apple's policy has to say about Telemetry collection. It doesn't say when or how it gains consent.
With Windows you can't install without consent. I'm not going to re-image my Mac to check but I wouldn't at all be surprised if consent was part of that first boot EULA that you agree to.
Ultimately you find Microsoft's transparency on the matter is unsettling but Apple's hand waving "Trust us to do the right thing" is ok?
Microsoft does neither. You can't turn it off easily if you're not on Enterprise / Education, and the data being sent is encrypted.
https://www.netmarketshare.com/operating-system-market-share...
Windows 7 still has twice as large install base as Windows 10. It's literally nothing other than MS stopping support for 7 because 10 is out - imagine the outrage if Tesla stopped supporting an older model S because a new one was out.
IIRC, the compatibility problems with the new processors are processor drivers and power management.
However, the dumb thing is that Microsoft already made the engineering effort to support those things, since they used to support Windows 7 on the now-unsupported architectures. Now they're taking it away to push Windows 10 some more.