In what kind of detail? We have multiple terms of friendship too albeit many slang and likely less beautiful than the French language:
associate
acquaintance
colleague
school / work / etc mate
friend
homegirl / homeboy
comrade
wingman
best friend (plus similar slang like "bezzie" and "bff")
confidant
companion
girlfriend / boyfriend
partner / wife / husband
soul mate
...plus many more I've not thought of.