Somewhat related, the WC-135 Constant Phoenix is one cool looking plane.
Any reason a low-bypass engine might be preferred for an atmospheric-sensing platform like this one?
(I'd probably go for one of the larger Gulfstreams, myself, in a world line where choosing which jet aircraft to buy myself were a problem I had - I have just enough hands-on flying experience to really, really want to know how something that size, with that powerplant, would handle. But if I expected a need to carry more than a half dozen or so passengers, I'd go for a 707, too.)
About 20% of systems and components were common ( such as the cockpit windows ).