I can't say that there is a disparity. If anything, the parts that are documented are usually better documented in the Windows world, and there are very good books about most components. (To be fair I never read a book on anything unix apart from Lion's). There is a large amount of stuff online for either, but I often have the feeling that correct examples are less frequently found for, esp., Linux.
And unlike some other platforms what is written tends to match reality, and stay relevant for a long time (for better or for worse).
I assume that Microsoft is not going to be naive enough to do the same.
IMO Microsoft's interest in openness revolves around remaining a viable option in the cloud era. They need to protect their investment in the .NET ecosystem and MS-centric development workflow, which means making it easy for people to run .NET programs on *nix-based VPSes and containers.
The kernel? The more platforms the better?