Example: You want to bisect the nodes of an edge-weighted graph into two sets of equal size such that the sum of the edge weights between the two parts is maximized.
The best approximation algorithm (it's NP-hard) runs in time O(n^(10^100)):
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1205.0458v2.pdf
For more examples see here http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/questions/6660/polynomial-...