Radia Perlman deserves more credit than she gets. She invented the Spanning Tree Protocol at DEC. Also Elizabeth Rather, co-inventor of the Forth language.
-- ACM Turing Award, "For contributions to practical and theoretical foundations of programming language and system design, especially related to data abstraction, fault tolerance, and distributed computing"
-- IEEE John von Neumann Award, “For fundamental contributions to programming languages, programming methodology, and distributed systems.”