government owned bank, if it works the same over there as in the US (fannie mae/mac here come to mind) I doubt there is much that can be done but use taxpayer money to make people whole again.
the options versus private entities are much more varied compared to what can be done to a government institution. Sovereign immunity is a means that even horribly negative effects of policy or work can be shielded from restitution. Does that exist in European countries too?