Examples: rent control, copyright law, professional certifications (eg law or medical license), government contracting standards, direct access to money supply...
Some believe this has already happened in SF and has been a major driver of the current housing crisis.
Basically everyone who joins the club essentially tries their hardest to shut the door once they get in.
Let's say a piece of land costs 1 million normally and 2 million under rent control.
I buy land for say 2 million (which would be 1 million without rent control) and estimate over 20 years I can earn 2.5 million or whatever as long as its above 2 million.
If rent control and building restrictions are removed, as more houses are built then rent will go down back to 1 million throughout the city and effect my own earnings.
Hence every person who owns developed land in San Francisco is for rent control, while if their land is just one small house their against it. However, once the person develops their own land they also start supporting it.
Some believe it's nice attempt to scapegoat the poor and vulnerable for the sins of the rich though.
Property owners in SF are often opposed to new construction, but I don't think that they are motivated by the desire to maximize the dollar value of their real estate assets. They're happy with where they live, they often bought long ago so their costs and taxes are low, and they just don't want change, especially in medium density neighborhoods that have been stable for 75+ years. Their opposition to rezoning probably goes against their economic interests measured purely in dollar signs.
People in rent controlled apartments have a similar motivation. Their costs are very low, they don't want the disruption of new construction, and they are often concerned that there wouldn't be a place in the new construction for them. Why take that risk? The difference is that people in rent controlled units are more vulnerable than property owners. If they do find themselves out of a rent controlled apartment and on the general market, competing for the few new units that become available, they'll be displaced.
America has a weird obsession with ripping off these ineffectual band aids while pretending the gaping wound doesn't exist.
Absolutely coincidentally the 1%'s propaganda mouthpieces would have you believe that your real problem is rent control and occupational licensing for cat groomers:
http://www.cato.org/blog/occupational-licensing-it-isnt-just...
http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-274.html
... but you've gotta be "fair" to the people who extract eye watering rents:
http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/property-ownersh...
https://techcrunch.com/2014/04/14/sf-housing/
Probably the best written summary of the SF housing shortage.