I don't know about the cross-domain case but on the same "domain" (file: protocol) I used the following two HTML files
link.html:
<a id="link" href="opener.html" target="_blank">Click</a>
opener.html: <script>window.opener.document.getElementById("link").href = "https://google.com";</script>
and sure enough the link was changed. If this works cross-domain, this is kind of a big deal, isn't it?