I found the job on StackOverflow Jobs. There was an online test, some online video interviews, and then an in-person interview.

The visa I have is this one:

http://www.bluecard-eu.de/eu-blue-card-germany/

I had to scan some documents, but otherwise the process was mostly handled by the company. I had to do a couple meetings to finish the process once I moved but they put me on a temporary visa until that happened.