The notable thing about asian smileys is that they have the same horizon as the text, whereas western smileys needs to be turned 90 degrees. Compare (^.^) with :-)
So given that ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ is both unicode and horizontal indicates that it is either from Asia or came to be after asian smileys became more prevalent in the west.
I have no mouth and I must smile
>_>
<_<
>_<
(I always felt like finding some of these alt smilies increased expressiveness)
Here's an article by a regular user of the emoticon http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/05/the-be...
And a wiki about those characters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana
As wodenokoto said there is a whole separate history of Asian smileys that are right way up, with the face in the middle and various decorations on both sides. They did have the advantage of a larger set of characters from the start.