Really check out how to use ADB (android debugger) from the command line, it's surprisingly easy.
help > install. Really?
I very much agree with this statement. Here are some resources:
http://benlynn.blogspot.com/2009/01/developing-android-witho...
http://java.dzone.com/articles/google-android-tutorial
http://blogs.nitobi.com/joe/2010/03/26/android-without-eclip...
I would recommend an IDE (Eclipse, Netbeans, IntelliJ IDEA) because you then have the advantages a statically typed language like Java gives you. Code completion and instant feedback in the editor that your code still compiles.
For .NET programming I use visual studio, for iPhone I use XCode, and for rails I use Textmate. I have not done any java programming so I was hoping to get some advice from people who have, particularly in the context of Android programming.
http://www.onebitwonder.com/projects/android
For a text mate android plugin