in any case, this exception mechanism is a slippery slope. is it fair to healthy athletes? could the advantage of these banned substances be so big that it could motivate healthy athletes to get sick intentionally? I don't have any hope that wada will improve after this since now it is so easy for them to just say russia did this because they hate us. they also did not improve much after the russian doping scandal, which was only possible because the whole doping test system is flawed.