China (PRC) says that Taiwan is a province of China, but they don't control it. If you show up at the Taipei airport with a entry visa from the PRC, you will find that out.
A similar but more extreme example, Google Maps says Raqqa is part of Syria, but due to the war that isn't exactly accurate at the moment.
Determining which organization rightfully owns which territory is political.
Determining which organization actually controls which territory isn't political though maybe not any easier.