Possibly, but bitcoin mining is the reason for a fair bit of malware on the average PC/laptop.
Generally speaking, when virus writers write viruses, they don't like spinning up the CPU fans and literally allowing the user to hear the virus working. Pegging the CPU at 100% is the easiest damn way of getting caught.
Instead, Botnets seem to be more intent in stealing keyboard presses (credit card information, personal information), and launching DDOS attacks.
It's a ubuntu based subsystem. Apt-get probably uses their official repo and you would have to get your malware into that first and then make some windows beta-user install your new and unknown package.