* You can use Signal with any phone number that can receive voice calls: http://support.whispersystems.org/hc/en-us/articles/21319067...
* Signal's primary audience is non-technical users. The big goal of Signal is to thwart passive, dragnet surveillance of people's text and voice messaging.
* AFAIK, Signal's use of GCM makes it more difficult for an adversary to perform traffic analysis to determine with whom a Signal user is speaking, but not impossible.
* If you don't trust Open Whisper Systems to treat the phone number that you give them as sensitive and confidential, you really can't trust their messaging software, either. :)