Hey! Very simply, Kubernetes puts containers on servers. It takes care of a lot of logic around scheduling, networking, health checks (i.e. what happens if a pod goes down).
I wrote a blog post that breaks down basic Kube architecture, if you're interested: https://blog.redspread.com/2015/12/31/basic-kubernetes-vocab...
A little history - it's an open source project by Google, modeled after Google's infrastructure (Borg/Omega). Many of the engineers who designed Borg/Omega are chief architects of Kubernetes.