Another neat idea would be to build on an existing microkernel like seL4, but write the userspace -- all the drivers, memory manager, filesystems, etc -- in Rust. The NICTA team already has proofs of correctness for the microkernel itself, so why reinvent the wheel? But at the same time, those proofs were super expensive and difficult to make. It would be awesome if we could get a reliable userland more easily by using a better language.
I wonder what it would take to get Rust compiling for seL4?