All areas of math are heavily inter-related, and skills you learn in one thing that seems irrelevant can often have a huge benefit where you don't expect it. Skills in simple algebra help in Graph Theory, which is used in understanding networks and databases, and skills in calculus are surprisingly useful in topology, which ends up being used in robotics and machine learning.

Linear Algebra is the language of almost all machine learning, simple geometry and trigonometry are useful in graphics and other aspects of design.

Math, as I said elsewhere, is huge, and there is no single thing that will, by itself, help you to be a good programmer.

If you really have absolutely no math at all then you need to start with some basics, and Khan Academy is a good resource to explore first.

That in itself is quite an interesting question - there are bits of (quite simple) maths that are useful in general programming (logic etc.), maths that can be used in particular domain areas (simulation, crypto etc.), maths that models computation itself and can underlie the design of languages (Turing Machines, Lambda Calculus etc.)...

For some reason, no one here has mentioned discrete math.

Discrete math is the branch that is most likely to make you a better programmer. Not Kahn academy, etc.

http://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs70/fa15/