Maybe, if the robots can self-replicate and/or self-repair and have that creative spark, but that's asking a whole lot of tech that we haven't sorted out yet.

Life has the replication shit already worked out, so if the goal is really to put intelligent life in deep space in a sustainable way, a genetically engineered super-bright octopus species in a space-faring aquarium with environmental selectors for intelligence built in might actually be more effective.